VM2 Sandbox Breakout via Inspect Function Exploitation

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.0, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability through the inspect function. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.0.

Casky was already ahead

This CVE exploits attack patterns that Casky's 301matched skills already investigate — long before this vulnerability was disclosed. Claude's reasoning model maps these techniques to MITRE ATT&CK, so practitioners who ran these skills have already seen the threat behaviour in their findings.

Analysis

VM2 is a widely-used Node.js sandbox designed to safely execute untrusted code in an isolated environment. Prior to version 3.11.0, a critical sandbox escape vulnerability exists through improper handling of the inspect function, allowing attackers to break out of the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands directly on the host system. With a CVSS score of 9.8, this vulnerability affects any application using VM2 for code isolation—including serverless platforms, code execution services, educational tools, and security testing frameworks. The root cause stems from inadequate input validation and improper privilege management (CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code, CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure), making this a critical risk for organizations relying on VM2 for untrusted code execution.

Casky's 301 matching skills leverage Claude AI with extended reasoning to detect attack patterns associated with this CVE across MITRE ATT&CK techniques TA0001 (Initial Access) and TA0043 (Reconnaissance). Practitioners using Casky would observe skill findings revealing suspicious inspect function calls with unusual parameter chains, code patterns attempting to access host object prototypes, and execution flows that bridge the VM sandbox boundary. The platform's skills specifically identify indicators of the inspect-based breakout technique—such as manipulation of error objects, Function constructor exploitation chains, and attempts to access the Reflect API or process objects from within the sandbox context. By correlating these patterns against the mapped 754 security skills, security teams gain visibility into exploit attempts before arbitrary code execution occurs on the host system.

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Casky Risk Score

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EPSS Probability

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Shodan Exposure

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GreyNoise Signal

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Composite risk scoring from EPSS, CISA KEV, Shodan, and GreyNoise — 21 security APIs correlated into a single Casky Risk Score. Coming in Casky Pro. Join early access →

301 Casky skills cover this attack pattern

These skills use Claude AI's reasoning model to surface findings in the same attack categories as CVE-2026-24781.

analyzing-apt-group-with-mitre-navigator

threat intelligence · low

Run

analyzing-campaign-attribution-evidence

threat intelligence · low

Run

analyzing-certificate-transparency-for-phishing

threat intelligence · low

Run

MITRE ATT&CK Techniques

TA0001 TA0043

Investigate the attack patterns behind CVE-2026-24781

Casky has 301 skills that investigate the attack patterns behind CVE-2026-24781. Run one and get CVSS-scored findings in 3 minutes.

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